Critical Thinking and Junk Science

The Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP) establishes a framework that appraisers use when developing an opinion of value. The valuation process is a systematic procedure an appraiser follows to provide answers to a client’s questions about real property value. [1] It is a model that can be adapted to a wide variety of issues related to value, mass value, review, litigation support or consulting assignments.

The goal of the valuation process is to deliver well-researched and supportable conclusions. The Critical Thinking & Junk Science course includes both principles and case studies for the appraisal professional. The three approaches to value (cost, income and sales comparison), coupled with complex issues set forth in USPAP AO-9 (cost, use and risk effects) established a solid valuation framework.

Critical Thinking and Junk Science expands an appraiser’s professional skill set by focusing upon five topics within the context of real estate valuation:

1. Epistemologies. The academic community has long identified research methods to collect and build credible knowledge and are discussed within the context of valuation.

2. Critical Thinking. Appraisers must employ an objective analysis that allows them to form credible opinions, especially when involving complex or “atypical” properties and conditions. [2]

3. Logical Fallacies. Appraisers should avoid invalid or faulty reasoning. USPAP sets forth guidance on a variety of issues, and the Appraisal Institute sets forth many established methodologies.

4. Cognitive Bias. Appraisers should avoid any systematic pattern of deviation from rationality or established standards and ethics of the appraisal profession.

5. Junk Science. Appraisers should avoid unproven or untested tactics or theories when presenting an opinion of value. These tactics are explored, along with how to rebut them.